5.9 Configuring NetApp Storage Monitoring

Storage solutions such as NetApp store a large amount of data and, therefore, can have a large volume of audit events. You can monitor and receive alerts for a variety of malicious behaviors that occur on a Network Attached Storage (NAS) device. For example, unauthorized user accessing confidential files and directories. You can also include or exclude certain files from the audit scope to ensure a faster and more efficient audit process.

Change Guardian monitors file systems in NetApp, and supports both Common Internet File System (CIFS) and Network File System (NFS) protocols.

5.9.1 Implementation Checklist

Complete the following tasks to start monitoring NetApp events:

Task

See

Complete the prerequisites

Prerequisites

Add a license key

Adding a License Key

Configure NetApp native auditing

Configuring NetApp Native Auditing for CIFS

Configuring NetApp Native Auditing for NFS

Configure Change Guardian for NetApp monitoring

Mounting the Audit Logs in CIFS

Mounting the Audit Logs in NFS

Creating a Configuration File

Triage events

Section 7.0, Managing Events

Section 8.0, Configuring Alerts

5.9.2 Prerequisites

Ensure that you have completed the following:

  • Install a supported version of Data ONTAP Cluster Mode

  • Install Security Agent for UNIX

    NOTE:You should install Security Agent for UNIX on a dedicated system. This ensures that reading files from the agent host machine does not create file read events.

  • Install Policy Editor

5.9.3 Configuring the NetApp Native Auditing

Configure the NetApp native auditing solution to monitor file and directory events on your Storage Virtual Machines (SVM) with a FlexVol volume.

The security descriptor may contain Discretionary Access Control Lists (DACLs) to apply to file and folder access permissions. On the other hand, the security descriptor may contain System Access Control Lists (SACLs) for file and folder auditing, or even both SACLs and DACLs.

For better performance, store the audit file in a separate volume and mount the complete share on the agent machine.

NOTE:If you use the cat command to create and modify a file in quick succession, you might find a missing file modify event because NetApp reads and updates audit logs slower than Linux.

Configure NetApp auditing depending on the filesystem it uses:

NOTE:Ensure that you have the root user privilege to complete these tasks.

Configuring NetApp Native Auditing for CIFS

Create an auditing configuration on the given SVM for CIFS before you can monitor events on NetApp storage. You can monitor these events on CIFS by setting SACLs on storage objects in NTFS or mixed mode volumes.

To configure auditing for CIFS:

  1. Launch the Data ONTAP command-line interface.

  2. Create audit configuration for an SVM:

    vserver audit create -vserver <Name_SVM> -destination "/<Name_Volume>" -events file-ops -format xml -rotate-size XB -rotate-limit 10

    Example: If vserver name is SVM1, volume is vol1 and folder is audit, then the command is:

    vserver audit create -vserver SVM1 -destination /vol1/audit -events file-ops -format xml -rotate-size 1MB -rotate-limit 10

  3. Verify audit configuration:

    vserver audit show -vserver <Name_SVM>

    For example, to verify audit configuration for SVM1, run the following command:

    vserver audit show -vserver SVM1 

    Vserver: SVM1
Auditing State: true
Log Destination Path: /vol1
Categories of Events to Audit: file-ops, cifs-logon-logoff,audit-policy-change
Log Format: xml
Log File Size Limit: 100MB
Log Rotation Schedule: Month: -
Log Rotation Schedule: Day of Week: -
Log Rotation Schedule: Day: -
Log Rotation Schedule: Hour: -
Log Rotation Schedule: Minute: -
Rotation Schedules: -
Log Files Rotation Limit: 0

  4. Enable SVM auditing:

    vserver audit enable -vserver <Name_SVM>

    Example:

    vserver audit enable -vserver SVM1

Configuring NetApp Native Auditing for NFS

To configure auditing in NFS:

  1. Launch the Data ONTAP command-line interface.

  2. Create audit configuration for an SVM:

    vserver audit create -vserver <Name_SVM> -destination "/<Name_Volume>" -events file-ops -format xml -rotate-size XB -rotate-limit 10

    Example: When vserver name is SVM1, volume is vol1 and folder is audit, then the command is:

    vserver audit create -vserver SVM1 -destination /vol1/audit -events file-ops -format xml -rotate-size 1MB -rotate-limit 10

  3. Verify audit configuration:

    vserver audit show -vserver <Name_SVM>

    For example, to verify audit configuration for SVM1, run the following command:

    vserver audit show –vserver SVM1 

    Vserver: SVM1
Auditing State: true
Log Destination Path: /vol1
Categories of Events to Audit: file-ops, audit-policy-change
Log Format: xml
Log File Size Limit: 100MB
Log Rotation Schedule: Month: -
Log Rotation Schedule: Day of Week: -
Log Rotation Schedule: Day: -
Log Rotation Schedule: Hour: -
Log Rotation Schedule: Minute: -
Rotation Schedules: -
Log Files Rotation Limit: 0

  4. Enable SVM auditing:

    vserver audit enable -vserver <Name_SVM>

    Example:

    vserver audit enable -vserver SVM1

  5. To configure Security Agent for UNIX to monitor the NetApp filesystem changes, enable ACL for NFS:

    vserver nfs modify -vserver <name_SVM> -v4.0 enabled -v4.0-acl enabled

    Example:

    vserver nfs modify -vserver SVM1 -v4.0 enabled -v4.0-acl enabled

  6. Verify whether nfs4-acl-tools is installed on the NFSv4 Linux host:

    1. Run the mkdir <Folder_Name> command to create a mount directory.

    2. Mount to the directory:

      mount -t nfs4 <nas_SVMIP>:/<volume_name> <mount_path>

      Example:

      If SVM IP is x.x.x.x, volume name is vol1, and mount path is /mnt/folder1, run the following command:

      mount -t nfs4 x.x.x.x:/vol1 /mnt/folder1

    3. To monitor each folder within a volume, add audit flags recursively on each folder in the mount directory you want to monitor:

      nfs4_setfacl -R -a U:fdSF:EVERYONE@:rwaDdTNCo <NFS_Share>

      Example:

      If a folder name in the volume is NFSShare, run the following command:

      nfs4_setfacl -R -a U:fdSF:EVERYONE@:rwaDdTNCo NFSShare

    4. To monitor an entire volume, add audit flags recursively on the mount directory that contains the volume mounted:

      nfs4_setfacl -R -a U:fdSF:EVERYONE@:rwaDdTNCo <mount directory>

      Example:

      If the mount directory is /mnt/folder1, run the following command:

      nfs4_setfacl -R -a U:fdSF:EVERYONE@:rwaDdTNCo /mnt/folder1

5.9.4 Configuring Change Guardian for Monitoring

After configuring NetApp audit, mount the NetApp volumes into Security Agent for UNIX. Mount one volume for audit logs and another for CIFS or NFS shares to monitor.

Complete the following tasks to configure Change Guardian:

NOTE:Ensure that you have the required permission to complete these tasks. Check with your network or system administrator for assistance.

Mounting the Audit Logs in CIFS

To mount the audit log:

  1. Create a mount directory.

    Example:

    mkdir /mnt/audit

  2. Go to /usr/netiq/vsau/etc and create a file cifs.

  3. Update the cifs file as follows:

    username=<user name>

    password=<password>

    domain=<domain name>

  4. Change the permissions of this file to secure its credentials:

    chmod 600 cifs

  5. Update the /etc/fstab in the following format:

    <svm_ip>:/<volume> <mountlocation> cifs ro,nouser,noexec,nosuid,credentials=/usr/netiq/vsau/etc/cifs 0 0

    Example:

    10.0.0.1:/vol1 /mnt/audit cifs ro,nouser,noexec,nosuid,credentials=/usr/netiq/vsau/etc/cifs 0 0

  6. Mount the audit volume to the mount location:

    mount /mnt/audit

    NOTE:You must have read permissions for the audit file.

Mounting the Audit Logs in NFS

Create a mount point in the Security Agent for UNIX computer, enter the NetApp configuration details in /etc/fstab, and mount the audit log and the NetApp volume over NFS.

  1. Create a mount directory: mkdir /mnt/audit

  2. Update the /etc/fstab in the following format:

    <svm_ip>:/<volume> <mountlocation> nfs ro,nouser,noexec,nosuid 0 0

    Example:

    10.0.0.1:/vol1 /mnt/audit nfs ro,nouser,noexec,nosuid 0 0

  3. Mount the audit volume to the mount location:

    mkdir /mnt/audit

NOTE:Make changes to /etc/fstab and mount the volume with the NetApp share following the above steps.

Creating a Configuration File

Complete the following steps in the Security Agent for UNIX machine:

  1. Go to /usr/netiq/vsau/etc and create new file named netapp-volume-tab.

  2. Update the netapp-volume-tab file in the following format:

    SVM_IP_address, share, mount_directory, volume

    Example:

    If SVM IP is x.x.x.x, share name is vol1, mount directory is /mnt/audit, volume name is vol1, then specify the command as follows:

    x.x.x.x,/vol1,/mnt/audit,vol1

NOTE:When you monitor an entire volume, you must update the NetApp volume tab as follows:

x.x.x.x,/vol1,/mnt/audit,vol1

5.9.5 Categories of NetApp Policies

Create policies to monitor creating, deleting, renaming, and changing permission on NetApp files and directories.

NOTE:Specify the /folder_name you want to monitor in the directory field of the policy definition. If you want to monitor at the SVM level, then just use / instead of the folder name.

For information about creating policies, see Creating Change Guardian Policies.

After creating policies, you can assign them to assets. For information about assigning policies, see Working with Policies.